The aspirations of the human race conqueruter space have their origins in ancientous starry sky fascinated peopleds of years ago For a long timeto space was just a dream Manfiction writers wrote about fantasticflights beyond the earthThe twentieth century marked the begining of the era of space exploration
Whatr hundreds of years has become a realitya little more than half a century has passedince humans launched the first objectcreated by them into space Since thenhead Using outerintegral partSuccesses in thest ofallowndometimes even fantastic goals for thefurther development of the vast cosmic
The Earth's oand his tearOn May 12, 1946omitteda report to the US Departmentfense, which describedthe possibility of putting an artificial earth satellite into orbit by1951 On May 21 of tha similar report to the USSR Ministry of Aviation Industry Howrt at thetate leveOctober 1954, the Organizing Committee of the InternaYeo consider a project to launch an artificial Earth satellite foesearch
US President Dwight Eisenhower responded byaying that the United States was ready to implement thattweenUSSRwere imbued with a spirit ofannouncement was soon made by thethe ussr the dateor the sateset for 1957 the satelliteboratorydocumentation was liste
Space explorationThe desian of the first artificarth satelliteas Sputnik-1- the simplest satellite
On October 4, 1957, theR-7 intercontinental ballistic rocket launched the first artificiato the earth'sbit for 92 days -until January 4, 1958made 1, 440 revolutions around the earth on earth informationabout the launch of the satellite caused a sensation peopledifferent cover the world started to watch the sky apoints the one thamoved around the eaThis is how people began to master outer spaceNational Air and Space Museu
Real-size replica of Sputnik-1n Madrid (Spain)Luis Garc
T訓R5T5T儼N COSMONAUTICShe launch of an artificial satellite made space explorationone of the most prioritized branches of science In theearly decades, space programs were developing veryactivelyAfter the launch of the soviet satellite the unitcelerated the process of creating its own satellite So the spaced it lasted 18 yearsOn November 3 1957
the soviet Uunched thesecond satellite, which weighed 508 kg It was effectively anboratory In additiorbit, Hd the earththe dog died because of overheating But the launchingof a living creature into the cosmos brought scientistsThe dog Layka onoard of Sputnik-2
The Earth's oWERNERⅴ ON BRAUNGerman design engineerwho worked in the unitedtor of ballispace industrybstantially closer to thebility of sending a human beingn the United States the Navy research laboratory (theVanguard project) and the rand Corporation Laboratory (theExplorer project), headed by WerBraun, worked on theartificial satellite project priority was given to the project vanguard by order of the stateOn November 11 the United states announced the launchof its satellite, Vanguard
But that launch ended in completefailure The United States had to return to Von brauns projecte anguo1 satelliteDecember 6 1957
helded States became the secondFurther exploration of nearOn May 28, 1959, the United Statesd a monkey inte1 towards thekilometers from it and entered a helicetric orbit In the same yeaUSSR sentfiem Luna-2 reached the surfacethe first to study the dark side of the mInvisible tromalso practiced aOn august 19, 1960
the sovietpunched dogs Belka and Strelka into spaceon the ship Sputnik-5 On August 20 theykey, Miss Bakeo-pack couch belof new space powers on the map In 1962the United Kingdom and Canada launched their first satellitesn 1964-Italy, in 1965-francesatellite launchedebruary 171
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Serdyuk Oleksiy, Shkurat NataSpace explorationTHE仨問THO
RBITMWT PUBLISHINGSPACE EXPLORATION THE EARTHS ORBby serdyuk oleksiy and ShkuThis book wits first stepfirstndias,and as well aCopyright 2018 by Serdyuk Oleksiy, Shkurat NataliaPhotos by NASA, SpacexCover photSendQuestionsCommentsandFeedbackmwt
publishing@gmailcom
匚T仨TTHE BEGINNINGSATELLITEHE FIRST STEPS IN COSMONAUTICSAUNCH ROCKETSFALCONMANNED FLIGHTSSPACE TOURISMCARGO SPACECRAFTORBITAL STATIONSINTERNAAL SPACE STATIONSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SPACESATELLITE SYSTEMSSCIENTIFIC SATELLITESHUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPEINTELLIGENCE SATELLITESSPACE AGENCIES
T訓E仨GNGScientists' minds have been excited by dreams of flying inthe sky and conquering outer space for many centuriesInterplanetary travels were often describedn the books of science fiction writersln1881Kibalchich formulateof1883the idea of using rockets to reach outped byKonstantin Tsiolkovsky He even drewofraft And in 1886he formulated the theory of jet propu1903,heM
L Kibalchichtheorizing that a rocket would be ablea rocket pioneerto go intohe developed his ideathe second cosmic velocity (escape velocity) Tsiolkovsky beof the founders of thesiolkovsky's ideas were pickedreseasible to tiultistage rocket withd fuel he justifiedDraft of first space ship by KonstantinTsiolkovsky, Manuscript "Free space
The Earth's oTSIOLKOVSKYKONSTANTIN EDUARDOVICHI1857-1935ussian scientist, philosopher and writer Author of works on aerodynamicsand aeronautics One of the foundersof Cosmonautics
Tsiolkovsky had beelealing with issues of the movement ofet vehicles since 1896 He developehemes for the operation of rocketsspace travel He was a supporter of the idea of colonizationand exploration of spacety of creating such a rocket with great accuracy oberth shared hiseas with an american scientist robert goddard, who workede In march 1926 Goddardmanaged to complete a working prototype of the engine and helaunched the first rocket powered by liquid fuelbecomore andpopular throughe results of the works bykovsky oberth and goddard were used by scientists frommany countries2 rocket on Meillerwagen near Cuxhaven in 1945
Space exploration36 a rocket center wasfounded in PeenemundWernhervon braedhis leadershiprocket A 4 was developedproduction, theV-2 That rockete first man-made objeced from a fixed siteat the Deutsc
The Earth's oHERMANN OBERTH1894-1989Austrian-German physinventor Founder of rocket technologyndHe was engaged in researches in theto outer space
He was the firstformulate the idea of creatingelescope In the 1950s he was dealingwith the problems of space exploration by peoplehistory to reach outer space In 1944, several vertical rocketaunches were made it reached an altitude of 188 kmAfter the end of the second world war the ussr and theUnited States gained access to the rocket technology of thehird Reich
SHTELLITEhe Second World War gave a powerful impetus to theof military andn technologies In theearly post-war years, Cosmonautics occupied one of thekey places in scientists researchAfter the secondd War scientists and inventors dbandon their plans to explore outer spaand in the USSR, engineering groups working in the fieldrocketry had been promoting and developing ideas since 1946for launching the first space satellite of the earth In the sovietUnion, the ideologist of this project was the Ukrainian desigengineer Sergiy Pavlovich Korolev, and in the United States-theGerman engineer Werner von BraunKOROLEVSERGIY PAVLOVICH1906-1966Ukrainaentist
Constructhe largest specialist of the twentieth century in rocket engineernd astof the Soviet space industry Ideasand development of Korolev'sdesign office made it possible to launch the first artificial earthsatellite, launch of the first cosmonaut, first spacewalk andmuch more